基于函数广义逆波束形成的声源识别

Sound Source Identification Based on Functional Generalized Inverse Beamforming

广义逆波束形成是一种基于传声器阵列的高效声源识别技术。然而面对复杂声源,受限于较差的旁瓣抑制能力以及较低的动态显示范围,难以实现高精度的声源识别定位。为提高广义逆波束形成声源识别的动力学水平,结合函数波束形成,提出一种函数广义逆波束形成方法。从广义逆波束形成与矩阵函数分析出发,全面阐述函数广义逆波束形成基本理论,详细分析不同声源类型和测量误差等因素对其声源成像性能的影响,得到阶次数的最佳取值应用范围。通过数值仿真模型和试验算例进行声源成像仿真,结果表明,函数广义逆波束形成,在保证准确识别声源强度与声源方位的基础上,通过增加阶次数能成倍提高波束旁瓣抑制能力,从而保证其拥有更高的空间分辨率能更精准定位声源。

Generalized inverse beamforming is a kind of highly effective and widely used sound source identification technology based on the microphone array.However,the performance of traditional generalized inverse beamforming is still limited by its poor side-lobe suppression capability and low dynamic range when identifying complex sound sources.It is difficult to achieve high accuracy of sound source identification.To improve the dynamic level of the generalized inverse beamforming,a new identification method based on functional beamforming is presented,which is named functional generalized inverse beamforming.The basic theory of functional generalized inverse beamforming is introduced by discussing the conventional generalized inverse beamforming and matrix functions.The influences of the source type and measurement error on the performance of sound source maps have been investigated.The range of typical order is determined by the analysis results.The results of numerical simulations and experiments show that the proposed algorithm can ensure the accurate identification of sound source intensity and location,and it also remarkably suppresses beamforming sidelobes by increasing the value of order.Therefore,the proposed algorithm can lead to higher spatial resolution and more accurate sound source localization compared with the conventional generalized inverse beamforming.