新陈代谢视角下东北地区城市健康诊断

Urban health diagnosis for the Northeast China from the perspective of urban metabolism

将城市视作生命有机体,引入城市新陈代谢理念,将城市新陈代谢分解为城市同化作用与城市异化作用,利用DEA模型评价2003、2005、2007、2009和2012年5个时间断面东北地区地级以上城市的新陈代谢同化效率、异化效率;构建城市新陈代谢指数,分析东北地区城市新陈代谢指数的时空特征,诊断东北地区地级以上城市健康状态;利用多元线性回归诊断影响东北地区城市健康状态的因素。得出以下结论:1)东北地区城市同化效率与异化效率呈现逆向发展态势,多数城市的城市化发展向优而其生态环境不断逼近容量阈值;2)东北地区城市健康状态大体呈现由健康向亚健康转变,城市健康水平"群"分布特征愈发显著;3)与城市新陈代谢指数的相关性分析中,社会城市化、能源资源保障的正相关性依次递减;生态本底条件、经济城市化和人口城市化的负相关性依次递减;环境威胁、空间城市化与其显著性不强。

The concept of metabolism was introduced when regarding the city as living organisms. The urban metabolism was divided into urban assimilation and urban dissimilation. The model of DEA was adopted to evaluate the efficiency of the urban assimilation and urban dissimilation of the 34 cities in the Northeast China in 2003,2005,2007,2009 and 2012 separately and then the urban metabolism indices were constructed to analyze the temporal and special characteristics of urban metabolism in the Northeast China and to diagnose the healthy status of those cities. Also the affecting factors of the healthy status in the Northeast were analyzed through the multiple linear regression methods. Based on the analysis above,the major findings were as follows：（ 1） There was an opposite development trend between urban assimilation efficiency and its dissimilation efficiency,most of the cities＇ urbanization inclines to benign development,however,their ecological environment constantly approached to its limit.（ 2） The urban health was transforming from health to sub- health. The distribution of urban health levels showed spatially remarkable clustered.（ 3） The correlation analysis showed urban metabolism index had decreasingly positive correlation with the social urbanization,energy and resource security,but had decreasingly negative correlation with ecological background elements,economic urbanization and population urbanization.Moreover,environment threat and spatial urbanization had little correlation with urban metabolism index.