抽象劳动与商品交换中发生的客观价值形式抽象——索恩-雷特尔《脑力劳动与体力劳动》初解

The Objective Abstraction of Value Forms in the Process of Labor Abstraction and Commodity Exchange——First Introduction of Alfred Sohn-Rethel's Geistige und K?rperliche Arbeit

索恩-雷特尔认为,马克思所揭示的商品交换结构是康德先天观念构架的现实基础。在他看来,以商品交换关系为核心所建构起来的抽象形式化的复杂经济功能和机制,生成了这个资本主义生产方式中看起来在人的经验之外的自发运动和调节的先验社会综合功能。商品交换中的抽象与先天观念认识论中的抽象是一致和类似的,这也意味着,先天观念认识论中的抽象并非由神的力量先天赋形,也不是由感性经验归纳而来,而是由特定的商品交换的现实抽象决定。这才是先天观念认识论的抽象逻辑构架的真正起源。

Alfred Sohn-Rethel argues that the structure of commodity exchange revealed by Marx is the real foundation of Kant＇s formation of apriori synthesis of ideas.In his view,the abstractly formalized complex economic function or mechanism,which is constructed around the relations of commodity exchange as its core,generates outside seemingly of human experience a spontaneously moving and adjustable apriori social synthesis function in the capitalist mode of production.The abstraction process of commodity exchange is consistent and similar with that of apriori synthesis of ideas in Kantian epistemology.It follows that the abstraction in Kantian apriori synthesis of ideas is neither an apriori formation through God＇s power,nor an induction from sensual experiences,but rather,it is determined by the real abstraction of particular commodity exchanges.It is the real origin of the abstract formation in Kantian epistemology of apriori synthesis of ideas.