新乡市2014-2015年居民健康素养现状调查

Survey on health literacy among residents in Xinxiang city, 2014-2015

目的了解新乡市居民健康素养水平现状,探讨影响新乡市居民健康素养的主要因素,为今后开展健康教育宣传和健康促进工作提供科学依据。方法采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取调查对象,采用问卷形式调查2 034名居民,分析影响居民健康素养水平的相关因素。结果新乡市居民总体健康素养水平为12.34%,健康基本知识与理念、健康生活方式与行为和健康技能3个素养水平分别为21.14%、10.13%和13.18%。logistic回归分析表明,年龄、户口、文化程度、婚姻状况、月平均收入以及职业类别均对居民健康素养水平有明显影响(P<0.05),男女性别对健康素养水平基本没影响(P>0.05)。结论新乡市居民具备健康素养的比例较低,应广泛开展以提高基本健康知识与技能、促进健康生活方式形成为目的的综合干预活动。特别是对文化程度低、家庭收入低、农村户口的已婚大龄居民,需要加强宣传教育,以提高健康素养水平,保障居民健康。

Objective To understand the status of health literacy among the residents in Xinxiang city and the main factors affecting the health literacy of the residents and provide scientific basis for carrying out health education and health promotion. Methods A multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate 2034 residents in the form of questionnaire. The factors affecting the level of health literacy of residents were analyzed in the paper. Results The rate of overall health literacy among the residents is 12.34%, of which health basic knowledge, healthy life style and behavior were 21.14% 、10.13% 、13.18%.Logistic regression analysis showed that age, registered permanent residence,education level, marriage status, average monthly income and occupation health literacy level of residents were significantly affected（P〈0.05）; While gender had no effect on the level of health literacy（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The proportion of residents with health literacy in Xinxiang city is low. The comprehensive intervention activities should be carried out extensively to improve the basic health knowledge and skills, promote the formation of healthy lifestyle,especially for low cultural, low income, rural older married residents, and strengthen publicity and education, improve the health literacy level, protect the health of the population.