社区结核病社会支持现状及其影响因素分析

Status and influencing factors of social supportive attitude towards patients with tuberculosis in communities of Wuhan

目的了解武汉市社区中结核病社会支持现状,并探讨其影响因素。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取武汉市的2个社区,对其中的2 751名居民进行问卷调查。结果 2 515份有效问卷中,72.2%的受访者表示建议患者隔离治疗,6.0%的受访者表示"从此不再来往或不好说"等负面态度,仅有21.8%的受访者表示支持患者正规治疗并予以正常对待。经分析,年龄、文化程度、家庭及个人年收入是影响社区居民对结合患者态度的影响因素。此外,98.0%以上的受访者认为了解有关结核病知识重要并愿意学习和传播相关知识,但仅有37.4%的受访者认为目前有关结核病宣教对了解结核防治知识起到了很大作用。结论社区居民对结核病的社会支持现状不容乐观,应进一步完善和提升社区结核病宣教服务,并将高年龄、低学历以及经济条件较差的社区人群应作为重点的宣教对象。

Objective To know the current situation of social support towards tuberculosis in communities of Wuhan and analyze its influencing factors. Methods 2 751 residents in two communities of Wuhan city were selected by random group sampling method to make a questionnaire survey. Results 2 515 valid questionnaires were collected. 72.2% respondents suggested that patients should take the isolation treatment, 6.0% respondents express the negative attitudes of ＂never contact＂ or ＂not sure＂, and only 21.8% respondents demonstrated that supported normal therapy and treatment for patients.Age, degree of education, annual income of individual and family were found as the influencing factors of the community residents＇ attitude to patients with tuberculosis. Besides, above 98.0% respondents thought that learning tuberculosis knowledge was important and had a willingness to study and spread, while only 37.4% respondents express the current propaganda and education work had made a very helpful role for understanding tuberculosis knowledge. Conclusion The attitude of community residents towards tuberculosis is optimistic. Community tuberculosis missionary service should be further improved and enhanced, and residents with older age, lower education and poorer economic conditions in commu-nity should be the key population of propaganda.