环境污水中肠道病毒监测方法的建立与应用

Development and application of enterovirus detection method in environmental surveillance

目的通过对环境污水中肠道病毒,特别是脊髓灰质炎(简称脊灰)病毒的监测,评估某一特定人口地区有无脊灰野病毒和脊灰疫苗衍生病毒(VDPV)的循环,真实反映环境中脊灰病毒的存在及循环状况。方法在污水处理厂的入口处定期采集生活污水,对污水样品进行过滤和洗脱,之后将洗脱液接种于细胞进行病毒分离与鉴定。结果 2013-2015年7月在污水样品中共分离出脊灰病毒疫苗株211株、NPEV(非脊灰肠道病毒)274株、脊灰疫苗高变异株17株和VDPV(脊灰疫苗衍生株病毒)1株。结论环境监测结果显示,采用此技术方法,能够从环境污水中分离到脊灰病毒等肠道病毒。此方法的建立与应用,为黑龙江省维持无脊灰工作开辟了新的监测途径。

Objective To apply environmental surveillance to evaluate circulation of enterovirus, especially polio in Heilongjiang province. Sampling and testing of sewage reflects the presence of WPV or VDPV circulation in environment.Methods Samples of raw sewage were collected in inlet of two sewage plants from January, 2013 to July, 2015. Sewage samples were concentrated by microporous filter adsorption-elution method and then isolated in cells. Results In total,211 polio viruses including 17 pre-VDPV and 1 VDPV and 274 non-polio enteroviruses were identified in the 84 sewage samples. Conclusion The environmental surveillance provides data which may help in keeping the state of polio-free.