大型扁平状锻件的变形方法探索

Exploration of large-scale rectangle forging's deformation method

常规锻造大型碳素或低合金类模具钢扁平状锻件的方法是在进行拔长时采用上下平砧进行锻造变形。由于大型扁平状锻件的尺寸特征,上下平砧的锻造方法无法满足足够的砧宽比以减少塑性变形过程中钢锭内部出现拉应力的条件,因而在锻造过程中,其钢锭原有疏松、夹杂或晶界等的薄弱处容易形成新的裂纹源,最终造成超声波检验探伤报废的情况。为了克服大型碳素或低合金类模具钢扁平状锻件的锻造变形缺点,根据锻造理论及经验,对此类钢种大型扁平状锻件的变形方法进行探索,提出大型碳素或低合金类模具钢扁平状锻件的变形方法,可有效增加砧宽比,防止在锻件内产生形成裂纹的条件,最终大幅度提高大型扁平状锻件的探伤合格率。

Conventional forging large-scale carbon or low alloy steel rectangle forging method is based on upper and lower rectangle anvil in drawing out forging deformation. Due to the size features of large-scale rectangle forgings,up and down flat anvil forging method can not meet the anvil width ratio to reduce enough ingot tensile stress occured in the process of plastic deformation conditions.Thus,in the process of forging,the ingot the weak place of the original porosity such as inclusion and grain boundary,are easy to form a new source of crack,resulting in ultrasonic inspection flaw.In order to overcome forging deformation defects of large-scale carbon or low alloy steel rectangle forgings,according to forging theory and experience,this paper explores such large-scale rectangle steel forging deformation method,and puts forward a large-scale carbon or low alloy steel rectangle forging deformation method, which can effectively increase the anvil width ratio, prevent the conditions of cracks formation in the forging,and finally raise the inspection qualified rate of large flat forgings.