基于空间插值的土壤重金属污染评估分析系统设计与实现

Estimation and analysis system for soil heavy metal pollution based on spatial interpolation

目的利用湘潭县土壤重金属污染情况调查资料,开展空间数据分析方法研究与软件架构方案研究,实现特定区域内土壤重金属空间分布与污染现状的评估与分析。方法以空间插值技术为核心,并综合地理信息技术、关系数据库技术、Web技术以及重金属污染评估等研究方法对重金属污染检测和评估。结果建立了湘潭县土壤重金属污染评估与分析系统,并提出了总体架构设计与数据库设计方案。系统实现了地理影像数据、各监测专题数据及各等级污染评价标准数据的统一管理,支持对土壤中重金属浓度的多维度查询与可视化,并且以空间插值技术为核心实现了重金属污染数据的空间统计分析与污染分布特征识别等多项功能。结论通过搭建软件系统进行土壤重金属污染评估,有利于土壤环境质量调查、监控以及土壤污染风险评估工作的展开简化和推广,对进一步划定禁产区、实施土壤污染修复与治理、保障居民生活生产安全具有重要意义。

Objective To carry out the research of spatial data analysis method and software architecture based on the investigation data of soil heavy metal pollution in Xiangtan County, in order to evaluate and analyze the spatial distribution and pollution appraisal of soil heavy metal. Methods With the spatial interpolation technology as the core, geographical information system, relational database technology, and web technology were integrated for the heavy metal detection and pollution evaluation. Results The soil heavy metal pollution evaluation and analysis system was established, and the overall architecture design and database design were proposed. Through the management of geographical information, pollution source information and monitoring information, the system supported multidimensional query and display. With spatial statistical analysis as the core, this system had the function as pollution distribution characteristics identification of heavy metal concentration in soil, etc. Conclusion Building a software system for soil heavy metal pollution assessment is significantly useful in terms of soil quality investigation and monitoring, revealing development of risk assessment of soil pollution. Furthermore, it has an important significance to the division of non-producing area, the recovery and repair of polluted soil and assurance of the safety of residents living.