不同清洗方法对韭菜中有机磷类农药去除效果的研究

Removal efficiency of organophosphorus pesticides in Chinese chives by different rinsing methods

目的研究不同清洗方法对韭菜中有机磷农药残留的去除效果。方法将二嗪磷、毒死蜱、乐果、杀扑磷和亚胺硫磷农药污染的韭菜分别以家庭中易于实现的洗涤方法(清水、面粉水、碱水、醋水、淘米水、盐水)浸泡清洗,采用气相色谱法测定不同清洗方法对韭菜中5种有机磷农药的去除效果。结果 6种清洗方法均能去除韭菜中的二嗪磷、毒死蜱、乐果、杀扑磷和亚胺硫磷农药,其中淘米水和碱水的去除效果最好。亚胺硫磷在5种有机磷农药中最容易被清洗去除。同时随着淘米水放置时间的增加,淘米水去除有机磷农药的效果也会增加。结论日常生活中使用的清洗方式,均能降低韭菜中5中有机磷农药的残留,但去除效果存在差异,淘米水清洗对韭菜中有机磷农药的去除效果最好。

Objective To investigate the effects of different rinsing methods on removing organophosphorus pesticides in Chinese chives. Methods Chinese chives contaminated chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, diazinon, methidathion and phosemet were rinsed by water, flour water, caustic soda water, rice vinegar water, rice water and salt water, respectively. The gas chromatography was used to analyze the organophosphorus pesticides residues in Chinese chives rinsed by different methods. Results Chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, diazinon, methidathion and phosemet all could be partly removed from Chinese chives by 6 kinds of rinsing methods with rice water and lye had the best results. Phosemet was more likely to be rinsed from the Chinese chives. At the same time, with the increase of standing time of rice water, the removal ability of organophosphorus pesticide with rice water would increase. Conclusion The 6 kinds of rinsing methods in daily life can reduce the organophosphorus pesticides residues and have different removal efficiency. Among all the 6 kinds of rising methods, rice water is the most effective method.