基于HACCP的海产品供应链冷链物流质量安全控制

Quality and safety control of seafood supply chain using cold chain logistics based on HACCP

目的针对海产品供应链冷链物流质量安全控制难点,应用HACCP体系,以鱼贝类海产品为例,制定HACCP危害分析表和实施计划表。方法从养殖及捕捞、清洗整理、海产品冷却、冷冻储存及运输、加工、搬运和装卸等各个环节进行全过程控制。从生物性污染、化学性污染和物理性污染3个方面确定出鱼贝类供应链冷链物流中的关键控制点和关键限值,主要监控致病菌、重金属、化学药物残留等因素。结果从监控对象、方法、频率、人员方面建立具体监控措施、纠偏措施及验证方法,并制定鱼贝类海产品较详细的危害分析表和实施计划表。结论本研究为其他水产品的供应链冷链物流HACCP质量控制体系的建立提供案例,确保海产品冷链物流中的质量安全,为阳江市海产品企业在冷链物流中的质量安全体系控制提供参考。

Objective To study the application of hazard analysis and critical control point（HACCP） on the quality and safety control of seafood in the cold chain logistics, and taking fish and shellfish seafood as examples, to set up a detailed risk analysis table and an implemented plan table. Method The seafood supply processing was monitored by farming, fishing, cleaning, cooling, freezing, transport, refrigeration, handling, loading and unloading. The critical control points and the critical limit values for the cold chain logistics of fish and shellfish supply chain were identified from 3 aspects, including biological pollution, chemical pollution and physical pollution. And mainly monitoring factors were pathogens, heavy metals and chemical residues. Results Specific monitoring measures, corrective actions and verification methods were set up based on the factors of monitoring objects, methods, frequencies and persons. Then a detailed risk analysis table and an implemented plan table were established for the fish and shellfish seafood process. Conclusion It is a case for other aquatic products to establish a HACCP quality control system of supply chain in the cold chain logistics and ensure the quality and safety of seafood in the cold chain logistics. It also provides a reference to control the quality and safety of marine products in the cold chain logistics for Yangjiang seafood enterprises.