粤东某高校烹饪与营养大专生“膳食宝塔”知信行调查研究

Balanced Diet Pagoda KAP Survey of Culinary and Nutrition College Students in Eastern Guangdong

调查烹饪与营养大专生"膳食宝塔"知信行(KAP)的现状,为针对性地开展营养教育及相关专业营养知识的教与学提供指导.采取整群抽样方法,抽取58名烹饪与营养大专班大一学生作为调查对象,进行问卷调查.统计分析发现,该人群对膳食宝塔的知晓率仅为20.7%,家庭所在地为农村和乡镇的学生的知晓率高于中小城市和大城市的学生(P<0.01);该人群的营养态度都很好;该人群行为正确率最低的三项分别为:"每天坚持1小时以上运动量(15.5%)"、"每天摄入水果超过200 g(31.0%)"、"经常吃奶类(46.6%)",并且此三项行为正确率在男女之间有明显差异(P<0.05);KAP相关性,只有态度和行为之间具有一定的正相关性(P<0.05).可以认为,该人群膳食宝塔知识比较缺乏,存在许多不健康的行为.但是总体的营养态度很好,因此在教学中可以设计联系生活实际的案例进行营养知识的教育,再结合存在的问题针对性地剖析,并给予适当的行为引导来改变该人群的不健康行为.

A survey on the status of culinary and nutrition college students＂balanced diet pagoda＂KAP of the status quo was carried out to target nutrition education and to provide related guidance. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 58 students from the whole group of students who were taking the course of culinary and nutrition. The crowd on the diet pagoda awareness rate was only 20.7%, the awareness rate of family location from rural and township students is higher than that of those from the small and medium-sized cities and big cities（P 〈 0.01）; The nutritional attitude of this crowd is very good; Correct practice rate of the three lowest were：＂every day adhere to the more than 1 hour exercise（15.5%）＂,＂daily intake of fruit more than 200g（31%）, eat dairy often（46.6%）, and the correct rate of the three acts has a significant difference between men and women（P〈 0.05）; In KAP correlations, only a positive correlation between attitude and behavior（P〈 0.05）.This crowd lack the knowledge of balanced diet pagoda, which have many unhealthy behaviors. However, the overall nutritional attitude is very good, so it can change the unhealthy behavior of the people through the education of nutrition knowledge and behavior.