深部高应力下层状岩体巷道底鼓机理及控制技术

Floor heaving mechanism of soft rock in high-stress deep roadway and its control technology

针对马路坪矿640 m深部开采出现的严重底鼓问题,对巷道围岩性质的研究、底鼓影响因素的分析和巷道原支护效果进行数值模拟,提出增设底角锚杆、底板锚杆及加筋混凝土底板控制底鼓方案,并通过数值模拟和现场观测进行效果检验。研究结果表明:围岩具有明显的偏压现象,且该矿区为遇水膨胀性、高应力环境下层状底板褶皱型和沿倾斜层理面剪切错动型底鼓,围岩性质、高地应力环境、水和支护形式是产生底鼓的主要因素,所提出的方案取得了良好的底鼓控制效果。

To address the severe trouble of floor heaving emerging in deep-mining process of Maluping Mine, laboratory tests for engineering mechanics of surrounding rock, and analysis of influencing factors on floor heaving and numerical simulation inspecting the roadway support were performed. A supporting scheme to restrict the floor heaving was proposed, including installing more rock bolts in corner and floor and laying metal-concrete mesh on the floor. And the effect was verified by both numerical simulation and observation on site. The results indicate that the surrounding rock properties, the circumstances of high crustal stress, underground water and supporting style are the principal elements of floor heaving. In addition, the rock swells when meeting water. Furthermore, the bias-pressure phenomenon is obviously found in surrounding rock, and the floor heaving with fold shape in bedding surface is detected. The scheme is feasible in controlling the floor heaving.