综采面架间喷雾引射除尘技术

Dust removal technology of eject spraying between hydraulic supports on fully mechanized mining face

为了有效解决综采面采煤机割煤及液压支架移架产尘难以控制的难题,根据喷雾引射除尘机理、采煤机及液压支架结构、产尘特点,对综采面架间喷雾引射除尘技术进行研究;在12种空心和实心锥形喷雾场喷嘴中,实验选定综合雾化性能(包含雾化角、有效射程及雾滴粒径)最优的喷嘴。研究结果表明:最佳喷雾压力为8 MPa,在该压力下,架间喷雾引射除尘技术形成的喷雾场可基本完全覆盖煤壁至液压支架立柱的空间区域,总吸风量为22.03 m3/min,可有效吸入人行道处的含尘气流;相对采取原有除尘措施,综采面全尘和呼尘的降尘率平均值分别提高26.2%和27.3%,移架工处全尘和呼尘的降尘率分别提高30.6%和31.9%。

In order to effectively solve the problem that it is difficult to control the dusts in the progress of cutting coal by shearer and the shift of hydraulic supports on fully mechanized mining face, the dust removal technology of eject spraying between hydraulic supports on fully mechanized mining face was researched based on the mechanism of dust removal of eject spraying, shearer, structure of hydraulic and characteristics of dust producing. In the 12 kinds of nozzles of hollow and solid conical nozzle spray field, the optimum nozzles which have the best atomization performance （including atomization angle, effectively range and particle diameter） were selected in this experiment. The results show that 8 MPa is the best spray pressure, and under this pressure, the spray fields which formed by dust removal technology of eject spraying between hydraulic supports can cover the space area from the coal wall to the frames of the hydraulic supports. The total volume is 22.03 m3/min, which can inhale effectively the dusty airflow in footway. Compared with the original dust removal methods, the average dust removal rates of total dusts and respirable dusts on fully mechanized mining face increase by 26.2% and 27.3%, respectively, and the average dust removal rates of total dusts and respirable dusts at the position of the move frame workers increase by 30.6% and 31.9%, respectively.