合作制保障与效率提升:我国合作社“资本控制”法律规制研究

Legal Regulation on the Capital Control in Cooperatives: Based on Cooperation and Efficiency of Cooperative

"资本控制"已成为我国合作社治理中的普遍现象。基于合作社的本质特征和基本原则,合作社不得被"资本控制",法律须排除资本对合作社的控制,包括限制追加资本社员的附加表决权、限制理事会和监事会成员中的追加资本社员比例、排除资本对合作社"隐性的事实控制"。但与此同时,为替代"资本控制"对合作社的效率提升功能,立法须回应追加资本社员的资本报酬获取诉求,主要包括保障追加资本的安全、明确资本报酬事项、保障追加资本社员涉自身利益决议参与权,以及明确追加资本股可以退股、转让,等。

In our country,it is a popular phenomena that capital control cooperative. Cooperative＇s essential character and principle demand that cooperative should not be controlled by capital. Accordingly,the law must exclude capital control through to restrict supplementary capital member＇s additional vote right,to restrict supplementary capital member＇s proportion in the board of directors and the supervisory board,and to exclude capital control cooperative reconditely and practically. But at the same time,in order to substitute the efficiency improvement function of capital control,legislation must satisfy supplementary capital member＇s appeals for capital return taking,including to ensure supplementary capital＇s safety,to define capital return,to ensure supplementary capital member＇s right of participation to resolution which related to supplementary capital member＇s interest,and to allow supplementary shares can be reimbursed and transferred,etc.