针对tau蛋白PET示踪剂研究进展

Research Development of PET Tracers Aiming at Tau Protein

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是一种常见的中枢神经系统退行性疾病,脑内主要病理变化为神经元外由β-淀粉样蛋白(Amyloidβ,Aβ)沉积形成的老年斑(Senile Plaques,SP)和神经元内由异常过度磷酸化的微管相关tau蛋白构成的神经原纤维缠结(Neurofibrillary Tangles,NFTs),对这两种病理改变的特异性识别有助于AD早期发现与诊断。既往针对AD的PET示踪剂多数作用于Aβ,近年tau蛋白类PET示踪剂发展迅速,以[18F]THK-523、[18F]THK-5105和[18F]THK-5117为代表的tau蛋白靶向PET示踪剂在AD的诊断与治疗方面显示出巨大的发展潜力与应用前景。

Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is a degenerative disease of central nervous system. Its characteristic pathological change in brain is the formation of senile plaques（SP） and neurofibrillary tangles（NFTs）, which due to Aβ deposition and abnormal tau protein aggregation. The specific recognition of the two proteins should be helpful for early detection and diagnosis of AD. Almost all the existing PET tracers for AD are PIB and PIB derivatives mainly aiming at Aβ plaque. In recent years, tau protein-based, such as [18F]THK-523,[18F]THK-5105 and [18F]THK-5117, develop rapidly and show huge developing potential and applicant prospect in diagnosis and therapy of AD.