纳米银材料的生物安全性研究进展

A Review on the Research Progress of Biological Safety of Nanosilver Materials

纳米银材料被广泛应用到医疗、化工、生物等许多领域,增加了与人类接触的可能性,因此关注其生物安全性是很有必要的。本文对近年来纳米银的抗菌性和生物安全性研究进行了综述。首先分析了纳米银的皮肤毒性、呼吸系统毒性、消化系统毒性和其他组织毒性,其次分析了体外细胞毒性和细胞内纳米银与生物大分子相互作用,最后对纳米银材料的人群暴露生物安全性及纳米银与银离子毒性关系进行了探讨。本文旨在为纳米银的毒性作用机制研究提供参考,为建立标准的纳米银安全性评价体系提供依据。

Nanosilver materials have been widely used in many fields, such as medicine, chemistry, biology,and etc..With the increasing contact between nanosilver and people, the biological safety of nanosilver products needs to be concerned. In this paper, the bactericidal properties and biological security research of nanosilver in recent years are reviewed. Firstly, the skin toxicity, respiratory system toxicity, digestive system toxicity and other tissue toxicity of nanosilver are analyzed. Secondly, cell toxicity of nanosilver in vitro and the interaction between nanosilver and biomacromolecules in cell are analyzed. Finally, the biological safety of human exposure to nanosilver materials and the toxicity relationship between nanosilver and silver ions are also discussed. This paper provides reference for the toxicity mechanism research of nanosilver, and provides the basis for establishing standard safety evaluation system of silver nanoparticles.