基于顾客有限理性的自提点选址研究

Research on Pickup Point Location Based on Customers' Bounded Rationality

针对最后一公里配送情形下顾客选择行为是否对自提点选址产生影响,研究了基于顾客有限理性的自提点选址问题。考虑顾客取货距离和自提点的吸引力,重新构造了顾客对自提点的分段效用函数。在此基础上,采用Erlang-B模型描述自提点拥堵情形,并用MNL模型刻画顾客的有限理性行为,构建了基于顾客有限理性的自提点选址模型。运用免疫算法、贪婪取走算法和上升算法求解模型,不同随机算例验证了算法的有效性。最后,通过分析一个小规模的算例,结果显示:顾客有限理性行为影响自提点选址方案,顾客理性程度、自提点处理容量、自提点运营总成本、自提点覆盖距离是自提点选址的重要影响因素。

The problem of pickup point location based on customers’bounded rationality was studied for whether customers’choice behavior has an effect on the pickup point location under last mile delivery situation.Considering customer pickup distance and pickup points’attraction, the piecewise utility function between pickup point and customer was reconstructed.On this basis,pickup point’s congestion situation was described by Erlang-B model and MNL model was used to depict the customers’bounded rational behavior.Pickup point location model based on customers’bounded rationality was constructed.Immune algorithm,greed dropping algorithm and ascent algorithm were used to solve the model,and different random examples verified the effectiveness of the algorithms.The results showed that customers’bounded rational behavior affected the pickup point location,and customers’rational level,pickup point processing capacity, total operating cost and covering distance were important factors affecting pickup point location by analyzing a small scale example.