论典型理论对文学中原型的解释力

The Explanatory Power of Prototype Theory to the Archetypes in Literature

虽然典型理论和原型理论隶属于不同学科,但是它们都基于经验主义,都是抽象图式,都由中心向外辐射,都具有高度概括性。在简要陈述典型理论经历的三个阶段后,重点说明了典型理论可以用于解释文学中原型的理论依据。在此基础上以典型理论如何揭示读者对原型性人物、原型置换和原型预示的认知过程为例,说明读者不同的自身知识、经验、意象和动机会对文学原型做出不同解释,从而对读者体验进行重建。这种重建最终带给读者快(娱)乐的表层效果或幸福的深层效果。

Although prototype theory and archetypal theory belong to different disciplines, they are all based on empiricism,both are abstract schemata,highly generalized,and radiated from center to periphery. The paper briefly states the three developmental stages of prototype theory,and explains the theoretical foundation of prototype theory＇s explanatory power to the archetypal theory. Then it further illustrates how prototype theory can be used to reveal readers＇ cognitive processes to stereotypes,archetypal displacement and archetypal presupposition,and explains that different readers might reconstruct their archetypal experiences because they have various understandings of an archetype due to their different personal knowledge,experiences,images and motives. The reconstruction of archetypes will lead readers to merriment or happiness.