华夏生态文学资源开发的伦理建构意义

Ethical Structure Significance of Development of Ecological Literature Resources in China

华夏传统生态叙事,主要是人与动、植物代表的自然万物沟通、贴近和融会。民俗记忆从来不是单纯地将动物与人类对立,而总是期待着彼此相安共处、交友互助。对动物的关爱,也影响到古人对动物行为的观察及其生态描述。如关爱动物并培养民众对动物悯惜宽仁,被纳入到地方官政绩考核范围。佛教文艺较多保留了南亚"人与动物平等"的观念。印度生态批评视角的引进,促进了华夏生态文化观念的变革。明清以降动植物传闻,不再囿于传统社会伦理对象化感悟的动植物观照,而是重构动植物的形象意义,用"物有所制"调整人与猛兽相处的潜在心态,展现了明清生态观念的丰富复杂性。在欧美生态批评跨学科思维的触动参照下,还可更清楚地反观中国传统生态叙事状态分布的特殊性。此外,较多保留传统民俗记忆的民国武侠小说生态资源,亟待发掘。

The traditional and ecological narrative mode in China is mainly the communication,press close and fusion between the human and the natural world which is represented by animals and plants.The memory of folk custom is not simply to put animals and human beings in the opposite position,but always look forward to the peaceful coexistence,to make friends and help each other.The care of ancients to animals also affects the behavior of them to observe and describe the animal＇s behavior.For example,people care about animals and raise people＇s compassion for animals;these behaviors are within the scope of the performance evaluation of officials.The Buddhist literature and art have reserved much more of the concept of＂human and animal equality＂in South Asia.The introduction of the perspective of ecological criticism in India promotes the change of China＇s ecological and cultural value.After Ming and Qing Dynasties,people no longer limited to the view of animals and plants in the aspect of the felling about the objectification of the traditional social ethics,but focuses on reconstructing the image significance of animals and plants,changing the potential attitude between the human and beast with ＂everything has its conqueror＂,to show the rich complexity of the Ming and Qing Dynasties＇ecological concepts.With reference to the cross disciplinary ecological criticism in Europe and the Americas,the distribution state of the traditional and ecological narrative in China can be observed more clearly.In addition,many of the traditional folk memory have been reserved in martial arts novel ecological resources during the period of the Republic China awaiting exploration.