从民国时期美术期刊办刊特点看士阶层的转变

Change of Bachelor Stratum from the Characteristics of Art Journals in the Period of Republic of China

知识分子所代表的士子阶层在民国时期承担和扮演的角色在民国时期因时而变。在办刊特色、编辑构成、读者群的建立三大方面,都产生了相对突出的形态特征和理论架构,编辑人员所构成特定的士子阶层在近代中国的成长经历了一个相对复杂无序的转型,这种转变过程是多方面的。不能简单地看作是"西学东渐"或"传统变异"的结果,而应看作是以下三方面原因相互作用而成的:第一,是学者型研究人员对文艺刊物办刊特征总体上的一个大的把握;第二,是画家型编辑对西学思潮由被动接受转化为主动吸收;第三,是读者群体对文艺大众化趋势认同之后的欣然接受,士阶层在美术期刊的传播下产生的转变。

The role of the scholar class represented by the intellectuals has always been changed with time during the period of Republic of China.Outstanding morphological characteristics and theoretical framework of three aspects including journal features,editing constitution and the foundation of readership were developed by those scholars at that time.The scholar class formed by editors experienced a complex transformation with diverse kinds of process in modern China.We should regard this transformation as a mutual consequence of the following three factors rather than a simple result from either the influence of western culture or Chinese traditional variation.First of the three factors is the academic researchers＇general understanding on the literary publication characteristics.Secondly,the editors,also artists,have initiatively absorbed western thoughts instead of passively accepting them.The third one is the readers＇acceptance to the popularization of literature and art.All these three aspects finally result in the scholar class＇transformation under the spread of art journal.