种植体周围炎病因、诊断、治疗与种植体周维护

Etiology,diagnosis and treatment of peri-implantitis and peri-implant maintenance

种植体周围炎是指发生于种植体周围软硬组织的炎症性损害,并伴有支持骨的丧失。种植体周围炎的危险因素包括菌斑、牙周病史、吸烟、糖尿病等。临床诊断标准包括探诊出血、种植体周袋内有溢脓、探诊深度≥5 mm以及影像学显示边缘骨丧失≥2 mm。种植体周围炎的治疗包括机械清创联合药物治疗的非手术治疗,以及切除性和再生性手术等手术治疗。种植体周维护治疗可以保护种植体周围组织的健康和提高种植成功率。因此,要重视种植体周的维护,预防种植体周围炎的发生。

Peri-implantitis is a mixed infectious disease that causes inflammatory process in both soft and hard tissue around a dental implant,which always results in some degree of the supporting bone loss. Risk factors include dental plaque,history of periodontitis,smoking,and diabetes,etc.Peri-implantitis is characterized by redness,bleeding on gentle probing,with or without suppuration,a peri-implant pocket depth of ≥5 mm,as well as the X-ray evidence of marginal bone loss≥2 mm. Peri-implant maintenance therapy（PIMT）is crucial in maintaining the peri-implant tissue health and the long-term success of dental implant.