“资本—技能互补”对我国技能溢价的影响

The Impact of Capital-skill Complementarity on Skill Premium

在我国物质资本与劳动技能互补性逐步增强的宏观背景下,文章基于省际面板数据研究了"资本—技能互补"与技能溢价1的关系。结果表明:随着物质资本与劳动技能互补性的增强,物质资本的积累扩大了我国技能型劳动和非技能型劳动之间的工资差距(即技能溢价),而且这一效应会随着经济发展水平的上升而下降。进一步的实证分析表明,沿海地区技能溢价对"资本—技能互补"效应的弹性明显低于内陆地区,且沿海地区技能溢价对"资本—技能互补"效应的反应具有滞后性,而内陆地区具有一定的时效性,这说明具有较高人力资本存量和较强技能吸引力的沿海地区会延缓技能溢价的上升,而内陆地区则不然。

Based on the macro background of the constant increase in the complementarity of the physical capital and labor skills in China, this paper analyzes the relationship between capital- skill complementarity and skill premium. The results show that along with the increase in physi- cal capital-labor skill complementarity, the accumulation of physical capital enlarges the wages gap between skilled and unskilled labor, namely skill premium, and this effect reduces along with the improvement of economic development. Further empirical analysis indicates that the elasticity of skill premium to capital-skill complementarity in coastal areas is obviously lower than the one in interior areas, and the effect of skill premium on capital-skill complementarity in coastal areas has the lag feature, and the one in interior areas has some certain timeliness, showing that coastal areas with higher-level stock of human capital and stronger skill attractiveness can delay the rise in skill premium but interior areas are not.