企业家、商业和全球财富(1850-2015)

Entrepreneurs,Business and Global Wealth 1850- 2015

本文主要论述了企业家及企业在"大分流"时期所扮演的角色以及自19世纪以来西方国家与世界其他地区的贫富差距。文中指出,当前流行的制度和人力资本方面对全球财富及贫困的解释,与真正财富创造者和创新之间存在着"缺失",而这一缺失环节正是企业家与企业。本文还从这一视角分析了由于第一次经济全球化时期发展中国家企业发展相对缓慢,各国所经历的由经济全球化影响所带来的变化以及第二次经济全球化产生之后这些源自新兴市场的企业得以迅速发展的原因。

This article examines the role of entrepreneurs and business in the story of the Great Divergence,or the gap in wealth between the West and the Rest,from the nineteenth century. It suggests that there is a ' missing gap' between the currently fashionable institutional and human capital explanations of global wealth and poverty and the actual creators of wealth and innovation. The gap is entrepreneurs and firms. The article employs this lens to examine why the response to modern economic growth from entrepreneurs in most of the Rest was stunted during the first global economy,how this changed during the subsequent eras of constrained globalization,and why firms based in emerging markets have grown rapidly during the second global economy.