解淀粉芽孢杆菌ES-2对肉鸡屠宰性能和肉品质及肌肉抗氧化能力的影响

Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ES-2 on carcass characteristics,meat quality and antioxidative status of broilers

[目的]研究日粮中添加解淀粉芽孢杆菌ES-2(BAP)对肉鸡屠宰性能、肉品质及肌肉抗氧化能力的影响。[方法]选用1日龄AA(Arbor Acres)肉鸡600只,随机分成5组:对照组、抗生素组、试验Ⅰ、试验Ⅱ和试验Ⅲ组。对照组饲喂基础日粮;抗生素组添加45 mg·kg^(-1)金霉素;试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别添加200、500和1 000 mg·kg^(-1)的BAP,每组6个重复,试验期42 d。[结果]与对照组相比,500和1 000 mg·kg^(-1)的BAP可显著提高肉鸡胸肌率,且500 mg·kg^(-1)的BAP可显著降低腹脂率(P<0.05)。BAP主要影响胸肌的肉品质,500和1 000 mg·kg^(-1)剂量组宰后24 h胸肌的p H值较对照组显著提高(P<0.05);日粮中添加抗生素及500 mg·kg^(-1)的BAP均能显著降低胸肌压力损失(P<0.05)。500和1 000 mg·kg^(-1)剂量组及抗生素组胸肌总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。另外,日粮中添加500和1 000 mg·kg^(-1)的BAP可显著提高胸肌总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)水平,其中500 mg·kg^(-1)剂量组胸肌T-AOC水平要显著高于200 mg·kg^(-1)剂量组;500mg·kg^(-1)剂量组及抗生素组肉鸡腿肌T-AOC水平较对照组显著提高(P<0.05)。[结论]日粮中添加500和1 000 mg·kg^(-1)的解淀粉芽孢杆菌ES-2均可在一定程度提高肉鸡屠宰性能,增强胸肌宰后24 h的p H值,提高肌肉T-AOC水平和T-SOD活力,增强宰后肌肉的抗氧化能力,且以添加500 mg·kg^(-1)的解淀粉芽孢杆菌ES-2剂量效果较好。解淀粉芽孢杆菌ES-2替代抗生素在肉鸡饲粮中应用具有可行性。

[Objectives]The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ES-2（ BAP） on carcass characteristics,meat quality and antioxidative status of broilers. [Methods]A total of 600 one-day-age broilers（ Arbor Acres） were randomly assigned to five groups with 6 replicates. The control group were fed a basal diet without any probiotic and the antibiotic groups were fed the basic diet supplemented with 45 mg·kg^-1chlortetracycline. The treatment groups（ testⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ） were fed the basal diets supplemented with 200,500,1 000 mg·kg^-1of B. amyloliquefaciens ES-2. Experimental diets were fed for 42 days. [Results]Compared with the control group,500,1 000 mg·kg^-1of BAP could significantly increase the percentage of breast muscle,and 500 mg·kg^-1of BAP decreased the percentage of abdominal fat（ P〈0.05）. Feeding with BAP mainly affected breast muscle meat quality indices.Compared with the control group,the p H value of breast musle 24 hours after slaughter was significantly increased when BAP was probvided at 500,1 000 mg·kg^-1of diet（ P〈0.05）. Broilers offered both 500 mg·kg^-1of BAP and antibiotic decreased pressure loss of breast muscle（ P〈0.05）. The activity of T-SOD of breast muscle was significantly increased by adding both BAP at dose of 500,1 000 mg·kg^-1and the antibiotic（ P〈0.05）. In addtion,the T-AOC levels of the breast muscle were increased（ P〈0.05） when offered500,1 000 mg·kg^-1of BAP to broilers,and the T-AOC levels of breast muscle at the dose of 500 mg·kg^-1were higher than the dose of 200 mg·kg^-1. In terms of the antioxidant capacity of the thigh muscle,providing both 500 mg·kg^-1of BAP and antibiotic could significantly increase the T-AOC levels（ P〈0.05）,and the results was not different. [Conclusions]Providing B. amyloliquefaciens ES-2 at the dose of 500,1 000 mg·kg^-1could improve the carcass characteristics,increase the p H value of breast musle 24 hours after slaughter,and enhance the antioxidant capacity by increasing the T-AOC levels and the activity of T-SOD; 500 mg·kg^-1dietary B. amyloliquefaciens ES-2 has the best effect among all experimental groups,and it can replace antibiotics added in broilers diets.