以比较语法看汉语论元引介策略--从客家话非典型处置式“将”字句谈起

A comparative study of Chinese argument introducing: From noncanonical jiong(将)-construction in Hakka

本文讨论台湾四县客家话两类"将"字句典型处置式以及非典型处置式,并且和普通话相互参照,探讨论元结构和论元引介策略。本文引进制图理论(cartographic approach,参看Rizzi,1997;Cinque,1999),为"将"字句绘制一幅地貌图(topography),清楚呈现"将"运用了两类论元引介模式,不仅能通过轻动词结构(light verb,参看Huang,1997;Lin,2001),体现常规论元,同时能利用施用结构(Appl P,参看Pylkknen,2002;Mc Ginnis,2005),引介非典型论元,扩充固有论元结构,"将"字句一系列的不对称现象其实是反映了句法层次、语义诠释紧密的对应关系。本文以客家话非典型处置式作为比较语法的研究基础,考察语言如何运用适切的引介策略,成就论元结构繁中有序的语法语义互动。

This paper presents a syntactic account for the disposal-affective jiong(将)-constructions in Sixian Hakka in Taiwan province,investigating two types of argument-introducing strategies and the topography of the vY periphery underthe cartographic approach(Rizzi 1997;Cinque 1999).The aimis to offeratopographyof Sixian Hakka jiong to empirically capture the interpretation and distribution of the disposal-affective alternation.Theoretically,two argument-licensers are concerned,namely the light verb(v^0,Huang 1997;Lin 2001) and the head of an Applicative phrase(Appl^0;Pylkkanen 2002;McGinnis 2005).The argument introducing in jiong-construction illustrates a closely mapping between the syntactic distribution and the semantic interpretation.The dual status of jiong,v^0 and Appl,provides a testing ground to explore the argument-licensing strategies in a languagepresenting a flexibility of theargumentstructure.