《汉语拼音方案》的计量语言学分析

Analysis of Scheme of Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in quantitative linguistics

本文采用计量语言学中的音形关系指标定量描写《汉语拼音方案》,并与德文、瑞典文、意大利文、斯洛伐克文、斯洛文尼亚文、壮文和世界语进行了比较,结果表明:《汉语拼音方案》具有较高的拼写系统经济性和较低的正字法不确定性,其形素长度、形素载荷、字母使用度和正字法改革必要性都比较小,在几种拼写系统中具有较高优势。计量语言学指标和方法能够在制订与评价拼写系统方面发挥积极作用,与以往研究相比更具精确性和客观性。

The quantitative description of Scheme of Chinese Phonetic Alphabet(SCPA) and the comparative studies by using the indices of morpheme-grapheme relation in quantitative linguistics show that,in SCPA,German,Swedish,Italian,Slovak,Slovenian,Esperanto and Romanized Scheme of Zhuang Writing System,the script system economy and the orthographic certainty of phonemes of SCPA are comparatively greater while the grapheme size,grapheme load of letters,letter usefulness and the necessity of orthographic revolution of SCPA are lesser than most of those script systems.The indices and methodologies in quantitative linguistics can play a positive role in design and evaluation of script systems,and have advantages in accuracy and objectivity.