中医治疗瘙痒的用药规律研究

Research on the Law of Drug Use in Treating Itching with Traditional Chinese Medicine

目的:探讨治疗瘙痒的用药规律。方法:以瘙痒为主题词,检索《中医方剂大辞典》,收集止痒方,建立数据库,采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果:纳入符合要求的中医药治疗瘙痒方共1 515首,涉及827味中药,总用药达10 355次。所用止痒中药以功效、药味、药性和归经分类频率分别为91.02%、85.97%、91.23%和85.59%;止痒中药以清热药、补虚药、活血化瘀药、攻毒杀虫止痒药、理气药、安神药、拔毒化腐生肌药、化湿药、驱虫药为主,占用药频数的91.02%;药味以甘、苦、辛为主,累计频率达85.97%;药性以寒、平、温为主,累计频率达91.23%;归经以肝、脾、肺、胃、肾、心为主,累计频率达85.59%。结论:临床以清热药、补虚药、活血化瘀药、攻毒杀虫止痒药、理气药等中药运用较多,核心单味药依次为甘草、防风、当归、川芎、地黄、荆芥、矾石、白芷、黄连、苦参等。

Objective： To explore the law of drug use in treating itching. Methods： Take ＂ itching＂ as the subject word,retrieve Dictionary of Formulas of Traditional Chinese Medicine,collect formulas on treating itching,establish database and adopt SPSS 19. 0to make analysis. Results： Among the 1515 formulas for treating itching in accordance with the inclusive criteria,827 kinds of Chinese herbs were included and the total use achieved 10355 times. The Chinese herbs for checking itching were classified by efficacy,flavors,properties and meridian tropism,the frequencies of which were 91. 02%,85. 97%,91. 23% and 85. 59% respectively. Most of them are heat-clearing herbs,deficiency-tonifying herbs,blood-activating and stasis-resolving herbs,toxicity-counteracting and parasite-killing herbs,qi-regulating herbs,mind-tranquilizing herb,pus-drawing and necrotic tissue-removing and regeneration-promoting herbs,dampness-resolving herbs and parasite-eliminating herbs,which account for 91. 02%. The flavors are mainly sweet,bitter and pungent,the cumulative frequency of which reached 85. 97%. The properties of the herbs are chiefly cold,neutral and warm,the cumulative frequency of which reached 91. 23%. The meridians they enters are mostly liver,spleen,lung,stomach,kidney,heart,the cumulative frequency of which reached 85. 59%. Conclusion： Clinically,heat-clearing herbs,deficiency-tonifying herbs,blood-activating and stasis-resolving herbs,toxicity-counteracting and parasite-killing and itching-checking herbs,qiregulating herbs are most commonly used. For single use of herb,Gancao（ Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae）,Fangfeng（ Radix Saposhnikoviae）,Danggui（ Radix Angelicae Sinensis）,Chuanxiong（ Rhizoma Chuanxiong）,Dihuang（ Radix Rehmanniae）,Jingjie（ Herba Schizonepetae）,Fanshi（ Alumen）,Baizhi（ Radix Angelicae Dahuricae）,Huanglian（ Rhizoma Coptidis） and Kushen（ Radix Sophorae Flavescentis） are the core herbs in order.