南京地区地方志记载药物、机构及防疫述要

The Summary of Nanjing Area's Medicine and Medical Institutions and Prevention of Epidemics Recorded in Local Chronicles

南京地区地处江南,受到历代政府重视,疫情发生相对较少,其中记载五代十国1次,宋朝1次,明朝8次,清朝10次,而且防疫机构较为健全。对于医药机构,记载较少,据记载,南京各县都设有医学教育机构,属于官办医学校;对于医疗卫生机构,据记载古代南京已经设有类似医院的药局、普济堂、育婴堂、救生局、同善堂、医社等机构。现代意义的药店、药厂等机构多出现于清末,对此地方志也有记载。古代南京治疗疫病的名医著述也甚多,充分记载和体现了古代治疫名家的学术思想和医疗经验。

Nanjing area is located in Jiangnan,and paid great attention by by all previous dynasties government,so outbreak of epidemics is relatively rare. According to the record,once in the Five dynasties and Ten States,once in the Song Dynasty,8 times in the Ming Dynasty,and 10 times in the Qing Dynasty. What’s more,medical institutions for preventing epidemics were healthy. In terms of medical institutions,there were few records which show that each county of Nanjing area had medical educational institutions supported by the government. In terms of medical health institutions,it is recorded that in ancient Nanjing there were already pharmacy bureau,Pujitang,foundling hospital,lifesaving bureau,Tongshantang,medical club,etc. which are similar to hospitals.Pharmacy and pharmaceutical factory with modern significance appeared in the late Qing Dynasty,which was also recorded in local chronicles. A lot of famous doctors in ancient Nanjing had a lot of descriptions about treating epidemic,which fully recorded and embodied their academic ideas and medical experience.