植物生理特征对南阳市空气中SO_2浓度的监测分析

Monitoring Analysis of SO_2 Concentrations in the Air in Nanyang City Using Physiological Characteristics of Plants

为了研究河南省南阳市空气中SO2浓度的变化对不同植物的影响以及植物对空气中SO2浓度的监测作用,选择了南阳市5个具有代表性的不同功能区,研究了不同功能区空气中SO2浓度的变化,并以法国梧桐(Platanus hispanica)、香樟[Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl]、法国冬青(Viburnum odoratissimum)、大叶黄杨(Buxus megistophylla)、海桐(Pittosporum tobira)5种植物的叶片为试材,于4-10月逐月测定了植物叶片中的硫含量、电导率、丙二醛含量、叶绿素a/b、脯氨酸含量等5个指标,并采用方差分析、综合方差分析、相关分析、判别分析等多种统计方法进行分析。结果表明,不同功能区空气中的SO2浓度有显著差异,不同树种对空气中SO2的吸收能力和抗胁迫能力有显著差异;空气中的SO2浓度、叶片中硫含量对各种树生理指标有显著影响。由此得出,通过对5个树种的生理指标变化可以监测空气中的SO2浓度,其中最敏感的指标为电导率、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量。吸收空气中SO2和抗SO2胁迫综合能力最好的树种是法国梧桐,是南阳市城市绿化和空气净化的优良树种。

To study the effect and monitor roles between changes of SO2 concentrations in the air and different plants in Nanyang City of Henan province, 5 different functional areas were selected to study the changes of SO2 concentration in the air. Using mature leaves of five common trees [Platanus hispanica,Cinnamomum camphora（L.） Presl.,Viburnum odoratissimum,Buxus megistophylla,Pittosporum tobira] as experimental materials, sulfur content, conductivity, MDA content, chlorophyll a / b and proline of plant leaves were monthly measured in April to October, and were analyzed using variance analysis,comprehensive variance analysis,correlation analysis,discriminate analysis,et al. The results showed that SO2 concentration in the air and the ability of SO2 absorption and anti-stress had significant difference in different functional areas. SO2 concentrations in the air and sulfur content of plant leaves had significant effects on physiological indexes of various trees. It indicated that changes of physiological indicators of five common trees could monitor SO2 concentration in the air,the most sensitive indexes for which were conductivity,MDA and proline. The best plant of the comprehensive ability of absorption and anti-stress SO2 was P. hispanica. It has a strong ability to anti-pollution, and is fine species for good for making city green and air clear in Nanyang city.