多菌复合固态发酵富硒豆粕的工艺优化

Optimization of the Solid-state Fermentation of Soybean Pulp Enriching Selenium by Compound Bacteria

研究了移动袋装多菌复合固态发酵富硒豆粕的最佳生产工艺条件。选用地衣芽孢杆菌、酿酒酵母、产朊假丝酵母、嗜酸乳杆菌4种菌株,通过移动袋装固态发酵技术复合发酵富硒豆粕,利用响应面分析法对其发酵条件进行优化,并对产品进行品质检验。结果表明,豆粕富硒发酵的最优菌株配比为地衣芽孢杆菌∶酿酒酵母∶产朊假丝酵母∶嗜酸乳杆菌=2∶1∶2∶2;亚硒酸钠、豆粕、菌液接种量为影响发酵过程中重要的3个因素,其最佳配比为亚硒酸钠19.43 mg/kg、豆粕91.38%、菌液接种量11.62%,经验证试验,在该条件下有机硒转化率能达到55.48%;富硒豆粕发酵产品经检验,其直观评价、有机硒含量、营养成分、有害物质等指标均得到明显改善,符合国家《饲料添加剂安全使用规范》。豆粕经多菌株联合富硒发酵,其产品性能得到明显改善,是一种优质的富硒菌制剂和功能性蛋白饲料。

The optimum process conditions of soybean pulp enriching selenium solid-state fermentation by compound bacteria in the mobile bag were studied, the four strains Bacillus licheniformi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida utilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus were used in soybean meals enriching selenium fermentation by moving solid-state fermentation technology, and the response surface method was used to optimize the fermentation conditions, then the product quality was inspected. The results revealed that the optimal conditions of soybean pulp enriching selenium fermentation were as flows ： the ratio of Bacillus licheniformi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida utilis to Lactobacillus acidophilus was 2∶1∶2∶2. Sodium selenite, soybean pulp and inoculum size were the three main factors in fermentation, its proportioning were 19.43 mg / kg,91.38%,11.62%, respectively. On the optimized conditions, the convert ratio of organic selenium transformation can achieve to 55.48%. The product quality of soybean meals enriching selenium fermentation was inspected, its visual evaluation, the content of organic selenium, nutrition, and other harmful substances indicators had improved significantly, comply with the national standard ＂Specification for the safe use of feed additives ＂. Overall, through compound bacteria enriching selenium fermentation, the product performance of soybean pulp had improved significantly, it was good bacteria preparation and functional protein feed.