我国环境治污技术的就业效应检验

Effect Test of Employment of Environmental Pollution Control Technology in China

环境治污技术主要包括末端治理和清洁生产两类。发达国家大部分研究表明末端治理和清洁生产对就业有正向拉动作用,而国内关于末端治理和清洁生产的研究更多是关注其环境绩效,少见其对就业效应的检验。利用中国地区层面2003~2012年的面板数据,采用系统GMM方法实证检验了末端治理和清洁生产的就业效应。结果表明：末端治理对就业产生正向拉动作用,清洁生产对就业则有负面削弱作用,这与笔者的理论分析一致。清洁生产作为我国现阶段和将来采用的主要环境治污技术,在推广采用时应充分考虑到其就业效应。

Environmental pollution control technology includes two main means： end-of-pipe treatment and cleaner production. Studies have shown that end-of-pipe treatment and cleaner production have positive effect on employment in developed countries,but domestic researches are more concerned about the effects of its pollution control, rare researches are about its employment effects. In this paper, we employ 2003-2012 provincial panel data using SYS GMM method to make an empirical test about the effect of end-of-pipe treatment and cleaner production on employment. The conclusion indicates that end-of-pipe treatments have positive impact on employment, cleaner production have negative impact on employment, the conclusion is consistent with theoretical analysis. Cleaner production is a major environmental pollution control technology at present stage and in the future in our country, our government should give full consideration to the employment effects in the promotion of such technology.