复混肥对三峡库区油桐生长及土壤化学性质的影响

Effects of Compound Fertilizer on Growth and Soil Nutrients in Tung Oil Tree Seedlings of Three Gorges Reservoir Area

以三峡库区油桐幼苗为材料,研究盆栽条件下施用适量(50 g/盆)的复混肥对土壤养分含量及油桐幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:与未施肥土壤(CK)相比,施肥3个月后土壤p H值显著降低(P<0.05);复混肥处理均增加了土壤有机质(P<0.05)、全氮(P<0.05)和碱解氮含量(P<0.05);却降低了土壤全K、(全P含量除外)有效P和速效K含量,说明施肥有利于油桐幼苗对土壤养分的吸收;复混肥促进了油桐幼苗的株高﹑地径增长及单株生物量的增加,同时也促进了油桐幼苗根系生长,有利于其后期生长保持较高的根系吸收养分能力。可见,在三峡库区油桐种植中施用适量复混肥能够增加土壤有机质和氮元素含量,并促进油桐对养分的吸收及其生长,但长期施用将会导致土壤酸化,建议施用复混肥时应配施适量的有机肥,可避免因长期施用复混肥引起的土壤酸化。

The effects of proper amount （50 g / pot） of compound fertilizer on the growth and soil nutrients of tung oil tree seedlings in Three Gorges Reservoir under potted conditions were analyzed in the present study. The results showed that ： compared with non-compound fertilizer soil（ CK）, the soil pH was decreased after using compound fertilizer for 3 months, and the difference was significant（ P 〈 0.05 ） ; The contents of organic matter in soll increased （ P 〈 0.05） under compound fertilizer treatments, total N and nitrogen were increased（ P 〈 0.05 ） ; But effective P （excluding the total P）, total K and available K were decreased, which showed that compound fertilizer made the soil nutrients more easily absorbed by tung oil tree seedlings; Under compound fertilizer treatment, the growth of height, ground diameter and plant biomass were increased, meanwhile promoting the tung tree seedling root growth that could keep a high ability to absorb nutrients in the late growth. So, the compound fertilizer with the right amount eould increase the content of soll organic matter and nitrogen, and made the soil nutrients effectively absorbed and seedling growth. However, the long-term application of compound fertilizer could cause soil acidification. It was suggested that combining organic manure application could avoid the acidification caused by long-term application of fertilizer.