不同饲养模式对阿旺母绵羊体重及初配年龄的影响

Effect of Different Feeding Systems on Liveweight Gain in Awang Tibetan Ewe and Age of First Breeding

在不计饲养成本的条件下,研究了自由放牧、半舍饲、全舍饲3种饲养模式及半舍饲和舍饲的不同的精粗料对当阿旺母绵羊体重及初配年龄的影响。结果表明:实验期内,自由放牧的50只母羊,在6月龄、9月龄、周岁龄及1.5岁时体重较各实验组效果差,1.5岁时已体成熟但仍不发情;其它各实验组体成熟年龄为周岁龄,1.5岁时在营养水平较高时即可参与配种,参配母羊血清中E2、P4、FSH和LH的浓度接近发情成年母羊指标,且差异不显著;精料颗粒料补饲组的母羊6月龄、9月龄、周岁龄及1.5岁时体重较燕麦青干草补饲组增重慢,发情母羊较少,但受胎率较高;燕麦青干草+精料颗粒料舍饲组母羊不仅各年龄段体重增重较快,且发情率和受胎率也为最高;燕麦青干草+精料颗粒料舍饲组母羊1.5岁体重为成年体重的104.82%。结论:舍饲半、舍饲模式,不仅可提高羔羊的生长速度,实现阿旺绵羊羔羊当年出栏;同时可实现母羊1.5岁参与配种,缩短1年的饲养周期。在藏东阿旺绵羊产区,乃至整个有条件的藏区开展绵羊养殖的舍饲、半舍饲模式,对藏区养羊业的经济效益有明显影响。

This study investigated the live weight growth and the age of first breeding of Awang ewe influenced by feeding systems which included grazing, semi feeding and treugh-feeding, and different diets in semi feeding and trough-feeding systems, ignoring production-related parametem. The results showed that 50 ewes in grazing group had less live weight growth than other groups in six months, nine months, one year and one and half years old, moreover, they reached body maturation hut did not estrus by one and half years old; ewes in other groups could reach body maturation by one year old and if fed with high quality nutrition diet, they could participate in breeding by one and half years old, there were no significant differences in the concentration of E2,P4, FSH and LH in serum between them and maturation ewe; ewes supplied with pelleted concentrate had less live weight growth, low estrus rate and high conception percentage than those supplied with barley hay in six months, nine months, one year and one and half years old, respectively; ewes supplied with barley hay and pelleted concentrate in trough-feeding system showed fastest live weight growth whatever at any age stage and highest estrus rate and conception percentage, moreover, their live weight reached 104.82 % of maturation ewes＇ by one and half years old. The conclusion was that semi feeding and trough- feeding systems could not only improve the growth rate of lamb so that they could be slaughtered during one year, but also could make ewes participate in breeding by one and half years old which reduced the feeding cycle by one year. It would bring significant economic benefit to Tibetan sheep industry if sheep were fed in semi feeding or trough-feeding system in east of Tibet where was the producing district of Awang sheep and even all suitable Tibetan regions.