不同提取工艺制备的海藻肥在盆栽小油菜上的肥效研究

Efficiency of Seaweed Fertilizers Prepared by Different Extraction Processes on Pot Rape

为对比不同提取工艺制备的海藻肥在小油菜上的肥效,通过设置盆栽试验,对酸提海藻液、酸-碱提海藻液、史丹利酶提海藻液、史丹利微生物提海藻液在小油菜上的施用效果进行研究。结果表明:史丹利酶提海藻液、微生物提海藻液反应条件温和、易于制备,产品外观细腻稳定,海藻酸、赤霉素、吲哚乙酸等有效物质含量高,从工艺和产品品质方面优于酸提海藻液和酸-碱提海藻液;施用史丹利微生物提海藻液处理的油菜株高、叶绿素值均显著高于其他处理,其中株高和叶绿素值分别比酸-碱提海藻液处理高13.3%和22.5%、比酸提海藻液处理高23.5%和26.9%;施用微生物提、酶提海藻液处理的小油菜间地上植株鲜重与干重均无显著差异,均显著高于其他处理,其中微生物提海藻液处理鲜重分别比酸-碱提海藻液和酸提海藻液处理高12.6%和15.8%。研究表明,4种提取工艺制备的海藻肥的肥效为:酸提海藻液<酸-碱提海藻液<史丹利酶提海藻液<史丹利微生物提海藻液。

To compare the efficiency of seaweed fertilizers prepared by different extraction processes on rape,pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of acid- extracting, acid- alkali- extracting, Stanleyenzyme-extracting and microbe-extracting seaweed fertilizers on rape growth. The results showed that Stanleyenzyme-extracting and microbe-extracting seaweed fertilizers had moderate reaction conditions, and could beeasily prepared, and the product appearance was fine, smooth and stable. Their effective substance contents,such as alginic acid, gibberellin and indole acetic acid, were higher than those in acid-extracting and acid-alkali-extracting seaweed fertilizers. Hence the Stanley enzyme-extracting and microbe-extracting seaweedfertilizers were superior to the other two fertilizers both from the preparation process and the product quality.The plant height and chlorophyll value of rape under Stanley microbe-extracting seaweed fertilizer treatmentwere significantly higher than those under other treatments. Specifically, the plant height and chlorophyll valuewere 13.3% and 22.5% higher than those under acid- alkali- extracting seaweed fertilizer, and 23.5% and26.9% higher than those under acid-extracting seaweed fertilizer treatment. Both the dry mass and fresh massof rape did not show significant differences between enzyme- extracting and microbe- extracting seaweedfertilizer treatments, but significantly higher than those under other treatments. The fresh mass of rape undermicrobe-extracting seaweed fertilizer treatment was 12.6% and 15.8% higher than those under acid-alkali-extracting and acid-extracting seaweed fertilizer treatments, respectively. Our study indicates that the fertilizerefficiency sequence of seaweed fertilizers prepared by the four different extraction processes is： acid-extracting〈acid-alkali-extracting〈Stanley enzyme-extracting 〈Stanley microbe-extracting.