浅埋深薄基岩综放覆岩运移规律的埋深效应研究

Burial depth effect on overburden movement law in fully mechanized top coal caving face under shallow-buried thin bedrock

采用相似模拟实验的方法,研究了浅埋深薄基岩条件下综放开采覆岩运移规律的埋深效应,结果表明:浅埋深薄基岩条件下,虽然埋深不同,综放采场覆岩均形成了稳定的"悬臂梁+铰接岩梁+拱"结构,松散层和地表会随着"铰接岩梁"周期性失稳而滞后工作面成整体切落式垮落,地面出现台阶式下沉,工作面与地表沟通,进而直接破坏覆岩含水层和地表水系,生态环境遭受严重的破坏;随着埋深的增加,地表最大下沉值增加,最大下沉量位置距工作面的距离增大。

Through analog simulation tests,the article studies the effect of burial depth on overburden movement in fully mechanized top coal caving face of shallow overburden and thin bedrock. According to the study,the overburden forms a stable structure of ＂cantilever beam ＋ articulated rock beams ＋ arch＂,under the conditions of shallow overburden and thin bedrock. With periodical unstability of ＂articulated rock beams＂,the loose bed and earth surface will collapse after the working face as if being cut down in one whole block. Terraced sinking on the surface penetrates through from the surface to the working face. That results in the destruction of aquifer in the overburden and surface water system,being disastrous to the ecological environment. With the increase of burial depth,the maximum sinking depth of the surface grows,so does the distance between the deepest sinking point and working face.