挑战型-阻碍型时间压力对员工职业幸福感的影响研究

A Study on the Influence of Challenge-hindrance Time Stress on Employee's Professional Well-being

在当代快节奏的职场生活中,时间压力几乎是所有员工都有可能面对的问题。它可能对员工造成负面的影响,也可能为员工带来积极的价值。笔者以260名企业正式员工为研究样本,对挑战型时间压力与阻碍型时间压力分别和交互地影响员工职业幸福感的关系模型进行了实证研究。结果发现:挑战型时间压力正向影响职业胜任感、职业抱负感和职业认可感;阻碍型时间压力负向影响职业抱负感和职业认可感,但对职业胜任感并无显著影响;同时考虑两类时间压力时,员工在高挑战型时间压力-低阻碍型时间压力时的职业胜任感、职业抱负感和职业认可感相对较高,而在低挑战型时间压力-高阻碍型时间压力时的职业胜任感、职业抱负感和职业认可感相对较低。因此,管理者应更新时间管理观念,正视挑战型与阻碍型两类时间压力对员工的积极和消极影响,恰当地把员工的时间压力控制在高挑战-低阻碍的情形,这有助于从时间视角趋利避害地提升员工职业幸福感。

Time stress is a common trouble which every employee might encounter in their fast pace work life nowadays. It is not necessarily bad for employees,but might also have some positive effects on them. Based on a questionnaires survey responded by 260 permanent employees,we test our theoretical model which demonstrates the specific as well as interactive influence of challenge time stress and hindrance time stress on employee＇s professional well-being. And we find that challenge time stress could promote professional competent well-being,professional ambitious well-being,and professional recognized well-being; while hindrance time stress could weaken professional ambitious well-being and professional recognized well-being,but it has no statistically significant impact on professional competent well-being. In addition,while considering both challenge time stress and hindrance time stress at the same time,employees who are under high challenge time stress-low hindrance time stress could experience relatively higher professional competent well-being,professional ambitious well-being,and professional recognized well-being; but for those employees who are under low challenge time stress-high hindrance time stress,these experiences would be relatively lower. Thus managers should update their consciousness of time management,recognize both the positive and the negative effects of these two sorts of time stress on employees,and keep the time stress of employees in a condition with high challenge time stress as well as low hindrance time stress. In doing so,it would be helpful for improving employee＇s professional well-being by taking the advantage of temporal lens.