肝郁证动物模型实验研究评述

Review of Experimental Animal Model of Liver Depression Syndrome

肝气郁结证是临床常见的证候。目前,肝郁证动物模型的复制方法存在以下一些问题:1通过一些学者的实验研究发现,在已复制的动物模型身上,的确有一些客观指标明显高于正常大鼠,然而这些指标是否可以代表肝郁证的实质,甚至用于诊断肝郁证,尚不能给予肯定。2现有动物模型之中,一些造模方法与肝郁证的发病机制尚存在一定出入,如很多患者出现肝郁证,并不是因为受到了激怒刺激也不是因为应用某些激素的干扰,所以利用这样的方法复制的模型并不符合实际。3目前的模型制作方法存在将中医肝脏与西医肝脏的概念混为一谈的问题,甚至有些学者将肝毒性药物注入大鼠体内,造成肝细胞损伤,这显然是肝郁证的实质相去甚远。4关于肝郁证与抑郁症之间的关系,很多学者往往容易将两者混淆,两者无论在症状上,还是在中枢神经递质、内分泌系统变化上均有较多不同之处。故,当充分抓住肝郁乃是以情志抑郁,所思不遂为主要病因引起的一类病症,在制作动物模型时,应当"投其所不好"才能引起肝气郁结,比如慢性束缚、禁饮食、限制活动等方法。另外,肝郁证其实是一个较大的范畴,其下也有许多小的证型,在造模过程中也应有所区分,现今的造模方法中,很多只提及肝郁证,但具体是哪一种肝郁证却未明确提及,中医重视个体化治疗,很多病人虽然都是肝郁证,但是因为兼夹有别的病机,故治疗上不尽相同,个人觉得在制作动物模型时,也应当考虑到动物个体性的差异,在应对相同刺激之后,需按照具体情况再进行细分证型。

The TCM Liver Depression Syndrome is a common clinical syndrome. Currently,there is a replication method animal model of liver depression following issues： 1 There are some objective indicators which are significantly higher than those in normal rats,but whether these indicators can be seen as TCM Liver Depression Syndrome has not yet been affirmed. 2 Some cases of Depression Syndrome are not due to stimulus or being interfered with certain hormones,so such models made with stimulus or hormones are not correct. 3Some existing animal models are the copies of the models in western medicine,which are not suitable for TCM treatment. 4many scholars often feel confused about the relationship between depression and stagnation of the liver. The paper discusses the above problems and some solutions are to be find out. It is suggested that the liver syndrome is actually a larger category,under which there are many small syndromes. In the modeling process,individual difference sof animals should also be taken into account.