宫颈鳞癌主要肿瘤标志物的研究进展

Advances in the main tumor markers of cervical squamous cell carcinoma

宫颈鳞癌的标记物在其诊断治疗及预后方面有着重要的意义。CRIPTO-1基因有助于正确评估患者的病情进展,HIF-2α基因可能与宫颈鳞癌的发生、发展及转移密切相关。Survivin基因作为目前发现的凋亡抑制作用最强的基因,具有抑制凋亡和调控周期的双重作用。EZH2和DEK可成为基因诊疗的新指标。PAX1基因在早期宫颈鳞癌中即可呈现阳性高表达,是早发现、早治疗的指标之一。FEZ1基因通过影响细胞周期、调节有丝分裂从而抑制细胞生长。FHIT基因表达降低是晚期宫颈癌患者预后不良的独立指标。PTEN、Maspin和p14ARF可作为早期筛查宫颈鳞癌的指标应用于临床。Ki-67作为主要的增殖相关指标可反映其细胞增殖活性。Livin可抑制细胞凋亡,加速细胞的恶性转化。HMGB1可抑制肿瘤细胞凋亡及促进细胞周期进程,导致肿瘤增殖及免疫逃逸,为宫颈鳞癌的预防提供新的免疫学策略。Fox M1基因是治疗宫颈鳞癌的理想靶点。VEGF、CTGF、EGFR及TGF-1R均与宫颈鳞癌的预后及淋巴结转移有密切关系。这些标记物可成为宫颈鳞癌诊治过程中必不可少的监测手段。

The markers of the cervical squamous cell carcinoma （CSC） are of great significance in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. CRIPTO - 1 helps correct assessment of the patients, HIF - 2 alpha may be related to the occmTence, development and metastasis of CSC closely. As the strongest inhibition of the apoptosis gene, Survivin has a dual role of inhibiting apoptosis and regulating cycle. EZH2 and DEK can become the new indicators for gene diagnosis and treatment. PAX1 can present high positive expression in CSC in early,is one of the indicators in early detection and treatment. FEZ1 can inhibit cell growth by influencing cell cycle and regulating mitosis usually. The reduce of FHIT expression is regarded as a independent indicator of poor prognosis in advanced cervical cancer patients. PTEN, Maspin and p14ARv can be used as an early screening index for CSC for clinical application. As the main related parameters of proliferation, Ki - 67 can reflect the cell proliferation activity. Livin inhibit apoptosis, accelerate cell malignant transformation. HMGB1 causes the tumor proliferation and immune escape by inhibiting tumor cell apoptosis and promoting cell cycle process, that is providing new immunology strategies for the prevention of CSC. VEGF, CTGF, EGFR and TGF - 1R are closely related to the prognosis and lymph node metastasis of CSC. These makers can be indispensable monitoring means in the process of diagnosis and treatment of CSC.