劳动力价格扭曲对制造业企业创新的影响——基于微观企业数据的检验

Influence of Labor Price Distortion on Maufacturing Enterprise Innovation——Based on Examination of Micro Enterprise Data

文章在理论分析了劳动力价格扭曲对企业创新的影响机制的基础上,利用企业微观数据实证检验了二者的关系。研究发现:总体而言劳动力价格扭曲显著抑制了企业的创新行为;进一步的分样本回归结果表明,负向扭曲比正向扭曲的负面影响更大;民营企业中的扭曲比其他所有制类型企业的扭曲对创新的负面影响更大;劳动密集型行业比其他行业扭曲对创新的负面影响更大;北上广地区比其他地区的劳动价格扭曲能更强烈的抑制企业创新。经过内生性检验后上述结论依然稳健。最后文章建议政府应放松户籍制度、进行国有企业与机关事业单位改革,使劳动力能在全国范围内、体制内外自由流动,减轻劳动力价格扭曲以促进企业创新。

This paper analyzes theoretically the influnce mechanism for labor price distortion on enterprise innovation,and then examines empirically their relationship via micro enterprise data. The results show that in general labor price distortion restrains enterprise innovation behavior. Further sub- sample regression results show that the negative influence of negative price distortion is greater than that of positive price distortion,the negative influence of price distortion on innovation in private enterprises is greater than that in other ownership enterprises,the negative influence of price distortion on innovation in labor intensive industries is greater than that in other industries,and that the price distortion in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangdong areas has a stronger restraint of enterprise innovation compared with other areas. The above conclusion is still robust after an endogenous test. Finally,this paper suggests that the government should relax the household registration system,reform the state- owned enterprises and government institutions,realize the free flowing of the labor in nationwide and in the inside and outside of the system,reduce the labor price distortion to promote enterpries innovation..