论“十七年”时期中国儿童小说的儿童形象嬗变

Talking about the Evolution of Children's Image of Children's Novel of China in“Seventeen Years”

实用主义教育观是"十七年"时期中国儿童小说儿童形象塑造的理论基础,但这个理论却在此时出现了异变,其对杜威的原点思想做了断章取义式的解读,只强调"实用"二字,只要求儿童小说能够起到"教训"作用。其原因有三:"十七年"时期儿童文学的文艺指导方针即对毛泽东文艺思想的极端解读,百废待兴的社会主义建设事业对建设者和接班人的急需,前苏联儿童文学理论的引入。三者合力,最终致使"十七年"时期的儿童形象只集中表现于两大类:"少先队"和"革命儿童",并呈现出符合时代特征的嬗变轨迹。

Pragmatism is the theoretical basis to create children＇s image of children＇s novel in ＂seventeen years＂,but the theory changed at this time.The theory misread the thoughts of Dewey.It only emphasizes the practical and plays a role of＂lessons＂for children.It has three reasons.A misreading of Mao Zedong＇s thought,the urgent need for the socialist construction cause builders and successors,the introduction of the former Soviet Union＇s children＇s literature theory.Accordingly,the image of children＇s novel in＂seventeen years＂has two types,the young pioneers and the revolutionary children.These images have obvious characteristics of the times.