“直译”的政治——论马士曼《孔子的著作》(第一卷)

The Politics of Literary Translation——On the Works of Confucius( Vol.Ⅰ)

马士曼翻译的半部《论语》——《孔子的著作》(第一卷),系首次从汉语直接翻译的《论语》英译本,它对第一部中文《圣经》的翻译和出版起到了一定的推动作用;马士曼在翻译过程中施行了"字字对译"的"直译"翻译策略,使得该译本还兼具了字典及教材的功能;但马士曼的传教士身份使得该译本出现了形式上的严格"直译"与译文中实际"意译"的不对等现象;《孔子的著作》(第一卷)还在某种程度上促进了美国"超验主义运动"的发展。

The Works of Confucius（ vol.Ⅰ） by Joshua Marshman was the first English translation of Analects and had some historical impacts that might have been ignored by the Chinese Academia.On the one hand,it influenced the translation and publication of the first Chinese Bible.Marshman employed literal translation as his translation strategy,which enabled the version to serve both as dictionary and as pedagogical materials.Marshman＇s identity as missionary,however,produced some discrepancies between the form（ literal translation） and meaning（ paraphrase translation）.On the other hand,The Works of Confucius（ vol.Ⅰ） promoted the development of Transcendentalism in the United States at a certain degree.