焦虑抑郁与心血管系统疾病的研究

Study on the relationship between anxiety or depression and cardiovascular diseases

目的研究焦虑或抑郁与心血管系统疾病的关系,探讨影响心血管疾病患者焦虑或抑郁诊疗的因素。方法采用随机选择2014年3月~2015年3月就诊于解放军总医院并确诊为焦虑或抑郁症的住院患者200例作为疾病组;从同期住院患者中随机选择200例非焦虑抑郁症患者作为对照组,进行回顾性病例对照研究,分析疾病组合并心血管系统疾病的情况,并比较两组间的差别。结果疾病组中有22%的患者合并冠心病,明显高于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（22%vs13.5%,P〈0.05,OR=1.81）;疾病组中有31.5%的患者曾因心慌、胸闷就诊于心内科,明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（31.5%vs 18.1%,P〈0.01,OR=2.10）。疾病组与对照组罹患疾病数量平均值分别为（6.320±3.027）个、（3.710±3.109）个,两组均值比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论焦虑或抑郁患者合并心血管系统疾病的可能性高,罹患疾病数量可能与焦虑或抑郁相关。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and the reason of low diagnostic and therapeutic rate among patients with anxiety or depression disorders. Methods Two hundred cases of patients with and without anxiety or depression disorders, hospitalized from March 2014 to March 2015 in the General Hospital of PLA, were randomly selected as case group and control group respectively. The conditions of their cardiovascular system diseases were compared and the differences were analyzed. Results The prevalence rates of coronary heart disease in case group and control group were 22% and13.5% respectively, with statistical significance（P 〈 0.05, OR = 1.81）.More patients in case group suffered from flusteredness and chest congestion compared with control group and the differences were statistically significantly（P 〈 0.01,OR = 2.10）. The averages of the sum of diagnosed disease for each patient were（6.32 ± 3.027） and（3.71 ± 3.109） in case and control groups respectively, with statistical significance（P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Patients with anxiety or depression disorder have a higher probability of contracting cardiovascular comorbidities and are more frequently treated by cardiologists. Therefore, cardiologists should pay more attention to patients＇ mental health conditions. Due to the relationship between the sum of diagnosed disease and mental health, clinical diagnosis should be conducted while taking into consideration the mental stress that it creates for patients.