“天下归一”——公羊学视角下的何休“进夷狄”思想

Analysis on Viewpoints of He Xiu's “Changing Barbarians” from Gongyang-study Perspective:“The World was Unified”

何休是东汉时期思想家和公羊学之集大成者,"进夷狄"是其公羊学思想中的一个重要组成部分。先秦时期的"夷夏之辩"和董仲舒"进夷狄"思想与何休之主张存在千丝万缕的联系。《春秋公羊传解诂》中,何休以解释"公羊义理"的方式阐发其"进夷狄"思想。何休严守"夷夏之辩",但"戎狄蛮夷"和"华夏"之间的区别不在于血统或地理位置,而在于道德水平的高低和是否遵从"礼乐文治"制度。这就为"戎狄蛮夷"趋同"华夏"打开了通途。何休"进夷狄"思想中有各民族平等的因素,实质为"天下归一"。

He Xiu was the thinker and scholar of Gongyang-study in Eastern Han Dynasty, ＂Changing Barbarian＂ is an important part of his thought about Gongyang-study. There was a definite relation between＂Debate of yi-xia＂ in the period of the Pre-Qin Dynasty and Dong Zhongshu＇s ＂Changing Barbarian＂thoughts and He Xiu＇s viewpoints. He Xiu expressed his ＂Changing Barbarian＂ thoughts in the way which explanation theory of Gongyang-study in Chun Qiu Gong Yang Zhuan Jie Gu. He maintained an opinion of ＂Debate of yi-xia＂, its difference was not geographic locations and blood between Barbarian an Huaxia, but rather moral behavior and whether to conform to ＂Li Yue Wen Zhi＂ system. That offered a way which Barbarian changes to Huaxia. There are some factors of ethnic equality in He xiu＇s＂Changing Barbarians＂ thought, which really means was ＂The World was Unified＂.