董仲舒《诣丞相公孙弘记室书》考辨

An Investigation into Dong Zhongshu's The Letter to the Prime Minister Gong Sunhong

董仲舒《诣丞相公孙弘记室书》见存于《古文苑》,篇名为后人所加,当依任昉《文章缘起》更名为《诣公孙弘奏记》,写作时间应是元朔五年任胶西相之前。与存世文献中的奏疏及出土文献中的书信格式比勘,《诣丞相公孙弘记室书》保存了较为完整的奏记用语和格式,"叩头死罪"等乃书疏中常用语,并非是徐公持先生所说的一味卑辞迎奉和矫情。相反,此文颇能体现董仲舒的治世才能和儒者的悲悯情怀。

Abstract The text of Dong Zhongshu＇s The Letter to the Prime Minister Gong Sunhong can be seen in Guwen Yuan, which was entitled by the later intellectuals, and should be retifled as Written Report to the Prime Minister Gong Sunhong according to Ren Fang. It was the fifth year of Yuanshuo when he was appointed the chief of Jiaoxi that the text was composed. Compared with the existing documents and unearthed correspondence letters, the letter preserved comparatively complete terms and forms in the texts of memorials to the throne. ＂Kotow＂ is a term often used in the memorials to the throne, not some solely flattery and wordy expressions as remarked by Xu Gongchi. Instead, the text of letter displays Dong＇s sound capability of governing as one of the ruling class and his empathies towards the public as an ancient intellectual.