手足口病重症病例流行病学特征及影响因素分析

Investigation on epidemiology and influence factors of severe cases of hand-foot-mouth disease

目的探讨手足口病重症病例的发病规律及相关危险因素。方法将2010～2014年本院191例手足口病重症患者作为研究对象。以问卷调查和实验室检测相结合的方式,收集手足口病重症病例相关资料,进行流行病学特征描述和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果本院报告手足口病重症病例发生率为4.16%。发病高峰出现在5～6月份;以3岁以下散居婴幼儿为主（占85.96%）,无性别差异（P〉0.05）,但随年龄增长呈下降趋势（P〈0.05）;致病毒株主要为EV71,阳性率为71.73%。经Logistic回归分析,低龄、就医延迟、发热、EV71阳性是重症发病的危险因素。结论手足口病重症发生率较高,以EV71型毒株感染为主。建议加强低龄幼儿预防,及时就诊以减少重症发生。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and influence factors of severe hand- foot- mouth disease（ HFMD）,the study was conducted. Methods A total of 191 severe cases of HFMD were enrolled from 2010 to 2014.Descriptive epidemiological analysis and logistic regression were conducted on the incidence data of severe HFMD cases. Results The incidence of severe HFMD was 4. 16%. The peak was from May to June. The most cases were young children under 3 years old（ 85. 96%）. There was no significant difference between different gender,and the incidence decreased by ages（ P 〈 0.05）. EV71 was the major pathogen（ 71. 73%）. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that variables such as age,delayed treatment,fever and positive infection of EV71 were significant. Conclusion The incidence of severe HFMD was high.EV71 was the major pathogen. It is necessary to further strengthen prevention and control for HFMD.