论历史、理性与教育学--基于历史哲学的视角

History,Reason and Pedagogy: A Perspective from Philosophy of History

教育学和教育史分别以历史的和逻辑的方法对教育进行研究,尽管二者在研究对象、内容、方法上各有侧重,但学科之别不应成为学术研究的壁垒。教育史研究以历史为研究对象,是教育研究的一个基本领域;它通过考察历史来理解教育,因而又是一种研究方法。一部教育史潜藏着一部教育思想史。逻辑的与历史的是一致的,教育史研究不仅仅是史实的记录和复述,文献的查找与整理,而是在尊重史实的基础上,厘清教育发展的来龙去脉,通过归纳、分析、演绎、推理等方法,发现教育的逻辑。

Pedagogy and historical studies on education approach their research objects respectively from a logical perspective and a historical one. Although they are different in research object,content,method,but the division of disciplines should not become a barrier to education studies. Research on educational history focuses on how education develops diachronically. As a matter of fact,focusing on the history of education plays two functions： taking the history as research object,it makes an indispensable part of education studies on the one hand; on the other,it is a kind of research method,which helps to correctly understand education. Rather than being confined to keeping a record of historical facts,describing the facts,and collecting and categorizing documents,studies on educational history should tease out how education develops among the various historical facts,gain a reasonable understanding of education and identify its intrinsic logic by employing such methods as induction,analysis,deduction and inference.