清初时诗选本的评点及其作用和价值

Function and Value of Pingdian in Poetry Anthologies in Early Qing Dynasty

作为最具民族特色的文学批评方式的评点,在清初时诗选本中得以广泛运用。选家对评点有赞成、反对和折衷三种态度,其争论的焦点在于评点能否契合作者之意甚或发扬作者之意上。现存清初时诗选本主要有旁批、尾批、总评等三种主要的评论方式和"○"、"、""丨"、"∟"等圈点符号。其中,"○""、"最为常见,"○"主要用于标举句法、格律、风格等,并往往有旁批;"、"大多起提醒作用,类似于着重号。在当时是为了扩大影响便于传播且有嘉惠来学作用的评点,在当今却具有了丰富和完善清初诗学史的理论价值和考证清初文人事迹的文献价值。

Pingdian 评点（ annotation and marking）,a characteristic Chinese device for making literary criticism,was widely used in compiling poetry anthologies in the early Qing Dynasty. However,attitudes to pingdian held by compilers of those anthologies can be divided into three types： positive,negative and neutral. The focus of their arguments is on whether pingdian can correctly express the author＇s meaning. There are mainly three ways to make comments,i. e. pangpi 旁批（ notes on left or right margins）,weipi 尾批（ end notes） and zongping 总评（ global comments）. The signs used to mark the text includes ＂○＂,＂、＂,＂丨＂,and ＂∟＂： in combination with pangpi,＂○＂is used to indicate the syntactic,prosodic and stylistic features of the poems; ＂、＂is a sign of emphasis. The notes of pingdian,originally intended to spread the influence of the poems,are of great value for enhancing our understanding of both the history of the poetry and the life of the scholars in the early Qing Dynasty.