与收入相关的健康不平等及其分解

Income-related Health Inequality and Decomposition

目的:测量与收入相关的自评健康不平等程度,并分析各因素的贡献。方法:利用家庭健康询问调查数据,采用集中指数法测量居民基于收入的自评健康不平等程度及各因素对自评健康不平等的贡献。结果:不同收入人群的自评健康有差异,集中指数为0.034,仍存在亲富人的健康不平等;各因素对自评健康不平等的贡献中,收入贡献率为46.30%,地区为22.00%,性别-年龄为13.80%,城乡类型为10.10%,文化程度为7.20%。结论:收入和地区因素对自评健康不平等贡献较大;改善收入分配、缩小地区间发展差距、加快城乡一体化建设、推进教育公平等有利于降低健康不平等。

Objective： To measure the degree of income-related inequality in self-assessed health（SAH）, and quantify the contributions of determinants. Methods： Data taken from household survey, concentration index（CI） and decomposition were applied to measure the resident income-related inequality in SAH and the contributions of each determinant to inequality. Results： SAH was significant across different income groups. The CI of SAH was 0.034, indicating still pro-rich health inequality. Among factors＇ contribution on the inequity of SAH, income contribution rate was 46.30%, the region accounted for 22.00%, gender-age accounted for 13.80%, urban and rural type accounted for 10.10% and educational degree accounted for 7.20%. Conclusion： Ineome and region factors played relatively important role on widening the inequality of SAH. Improving income distribution, narrowing the gap of devel- opment among regions, accelerating the integrated construction of urban and rural areas and promoting education equity were effective to reduce heahh inequality.