术后胃肠功能障碍的病因研究进展

Research advance in causes of postoperative gastrointestinaldysfunction

胃肠功能障碍是外科术后常见且重要的并发症，其症状轻重不一，轻者无需治疗，重者可导致患者住院时间明显延长，甚至多器官功能障碍．严重影响患者的术后康复。目前，术后胃肠功能障碍的具体发病原因尚不清楚。但国内外对此进行了大量的研究。研究显示，手术方式、手术操作、内环境紊乱、麻醉或镇痛因素、血流灌注、炎性反应以及神经内分泌因素等众多因素参与了术后胃肠功能障碍的发生和发展。本文对国内外有关术后胃肠功能障碍的病因研究进行综述。

Gastrointestinal dysfunction is a common and major complication after surgery. The syndrome covers a wide spectrum of clinical signs, ranges from mild feeling to severe discomfort and varies from person to person. The mild patients need no care, but severe ones may have long hospital stay, and even suffer from muhiple organ dysfunction syndrome, severely affecting postoperative rehabilitation. However, the etiology of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction has not been fully elucidated. Much research demonstrates that many factors, such as operative procedures, surgical operation, homeostasis disturbance, anesthesia and analgesia, blood perfusion, inflammation, and neuroendocrine factors, are responsible for the development and progression ofpostoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction. This study therefore reviewed the causes of postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction in the published literatures.