关黄柏产区土壤重金属污染及药材安全性评价

Evaluation for heavy metal pollution of soil and herb from main producing area of Phellodendron amurense in China

为了评价关黄柏主要产地土壤污染及药材安全情况,该研究在关黄柏主产区设置32个样地且同时采集土壤和药材样本,利用离子发射光谱仪和原子荧光光度计分别测定铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、铜(Cu)和砷(As)、汞(Hg)等6种重金属的含量并进行分析评价。研究表明,关黄柏主产区土壤环境质量优良,基本达到国家二级以上标准;药材中As,Cr,Cd,Pb,Cu处于质量安全级别内,部分样品Hg含量超标;原植物黄檗对Hg的吸收特点是造成部分关黄柏药材Hg含量超标的主要原因,同时大气汞也可能是影响药材Hg含量的原因之一。因此,在营造药用林时,应选择土壤和大气环境质量均优异的地区进行规范化种植。

In order to evaluate the heavy metal potential pollution of soil and medicinal materials in main producing area of Phellodendron amurense,we collected 32 soil samples and 32 herb samples from northeast and north of China covering four provinces. In this study,the detection of heavy metal contents was conducted by ICP emission spectroscopy and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The results showed that the soil from all areas of Ph amurense generally reached the national standard. As,Hg,Cr,Cd,Pb and Cu content of herb samples met the requirtment of the national standard except Hg content exceeding standard slight in a few samples. The reason of excessive Hg was the ability of Hg accumulation in Ph. amurense and atmospheric environment was polluted. So,national standard and Good Agricultural Practice（ GAP） must be carried out severely in Ph. amurense resources production.